By Nuvance Health

Alcohol is a common part of life in Westport, from casual happy hours to celebratory toasts. But have you considered how it affects your health beyond a hangover?

“Many people think about liver damage when they hear about alcohol and health risks, but the truth is, alcohol increases the risk of multiple types of cancer,” says Dr. Adam Boruchov, system chair of the Cancer Institute at Nuvance Health. “Even moderate drinking can contribute to the development of cancer over time.”

Find out what happens when you drink regularly, what cancers are linked to alcohol and the benefits of cutting back — even just a bit.

Why Does Alcohol Raise Cancer Risk?

Alcohol affects the body in the following ways that can increase the likelihood of cancer:

• Damaging cells: Alcohol creates acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct that harms DNA. “Cancer occurs when cells grow out of control. When DNA is damaged, it can lead to gene mutations and abnormal cell growth,” Dr. Boruchov explains.

• Inflammation: Regular alcohol use can lead to chronic inflammation, which has been linked to several cancers, including those of the digestive system, such as colon cancer.

• Hormonal disruptions: Alcohol raises estrogen levels, which can drive the growth of breast cancer cells.

What Types of Cancer Are Linked to Alcohol?

Alcohol consumption is associated with increased risks for the following cancers, according to the U.S. General Surgeon’s 2025 Advisory on Alcohol and Cancer Risk:

• Breast cancer: Studies have shown that even one drink per day can slightly raise breast cancer risk.

• Liver cancer: Heavy alcohol use can cause liver damage that leads to cirrhosis and, eventually, cancer.

• Colon and rectal cancer: Drinking alcohol regularly is linked to a higher incidence of colorectal cancers because it can damage your digestive tract. 

• Esophageal cancer: Alcohol weakens the esophagus, increasing vulnerability to cancerous changes.

• Cancers of the mouth, throat and voice box: Alcohol is a known risk factor for cancers in these areas, especially in those who also smoke.

What Happens When You Drink Alcohol Every Day?

Beyond increasing cancer risk, drinking alcohol daily can have several other effects on the body:

• Cognitive decline: Alcohol disrupts neurotransmitters in the brain, which can affect memory, mood and cognitive sharpness over time.

• Weakened immune system function: Regular alcohol use can reduce your body’s ability to fight infections and repair damaged cells.

• Disrupted sleep patterns: Even small amounts of alcohol can interfere with deep sleep, leading to fatigue and decreased focus the next day.

• Unhealthy weight gain: Alcohol is full of empty calories, which can contribute to obesity, another known cancer risk factor.

Does the Type of Alcohol Matter?

Laura Kahn, a registered dietitian and oncology nutrition specialist at Nuvance Health, says that the type of alcohol matters less than the amount consumed: “Excessive alcohol intake of any type is what increases health risks.”

If you enjoy drinking in moderation, Kahn suggests considering the following:

• Drinks high in sugar, like cocktails, hard ciders, liqueurs, sweet wines and sherries may contribute to additional health risks like weight gain and insulin resistance.

• Some alcohols, like clear liquors, have no sugar. Dark liquors, light beer and wine have low sugar content. 

Looking for a Healthier Alternative to Alcohol? Try These Options

Cutting back on alcohol doesn’t mean giving up social moments. Kahn suggests these satisfying alternatives:

• Westport-inspired mocktails: “Many restaurants now offer sophisticated non-alcoholic cocktails that provide the same experience without the health risks,” Kahn says.

• Sparkling water with fresh herbs: “Infusing water with mint, basil or citrus makes for a refreshing alternative and even has health benefits depending on the spices used,” Kahn shares.

• Kombucha: This fermented tea is packed with probiotics, which are great for gut health. It can offer a similar tangy flavor to alcoholic drinks.

• Herbal teas: Warm or iced herbal teas provide a flavorful, hydrating substitute for alcohol.

Want to Cut Back on Alcohol? Here’s How

For those looking to reduce alcohol intake, try the following tips:

• Be mindful of your drinking habits: Keep a log of when and why you drink to help identify patterns and make other beverage choices.

• Set boundaries: Try establishing alcohol-free days during the week to reset your habits. Make them with friends, so you have support and shared goals.

• Explore alcohol-free social events: Many people are part of the ‘sober curious’ movement, where they socialize without alcohol.

• Seek professional support, if needed: “If cutting back feels difficult, speaking with a healthcare provider can be a great first step,” Dr. Boruchov says.

An Informed Approach to Alcohol and Your Health

Dr. Boruchov emphasizes that the goal is awareness, not restriction. 

“I’m not saying you should never have a drink again, but knowing the risks and making informed decisions can contribute to your overall health and wellness.”

Kahn agrees, adding, “Enjoying your favorite drink every now and then is OK, while prioritizing healthy food and beverage choices and exploring satisfying alternatives to alcohol.”

Whether you’re sipping wine at a Westport café or meeting friends at a local brewery, being mindful of your alcohol intake can help support better health for years to come.

Note: Nuvance Health has sponsored this content for Westport Journal. Nuvance Health is a system of nonprofit hospitals, medical practices and outpatient healthcare services throughout the Hudson Valley and western Connecticut, including nearby Norwalk Hospital. Visit nuvancehealth.org for more information.